Per summary, the notion that shifts sopra human life histories, accompanied by improved intelligence, are an evolutionary response preciso verso dietary shift towards high-quality food resources that are difficult preciso acquire has already been suggested by Kaplan . Our model is innovative mediante that it suggests a mechanism for such per dietary shift that could have propelled hominins esatto verso new evolutionary tirocinio.
Conclusion
For more than two decades a view dominated anthropological discussions that all modern human variation derived from Africa within per relatively recent chronological framework. Recent years challenged this paradigm with new discoveries from Europe, Inclinazione, and other localities, as well as by new advances durante theory and methodology. These developments are now setting the stage for verso new understanding of the human story per general and the emergence of modern humans sopra particular (di nuovo.g., , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ). Analysis of their dental remains suggests per much deeper time frame between at least some of the ancestral populations and modern humans than that which is assumed by the “Out of Africa” model. This, combined with previous genetic studies (addirittura.g., , , , ), lends support to the notion of assimilation (di nuovo.g., ) between populations migrating “out of Africa” and populations already established sopra these parts of Eurasia.
It is still premature onesto indicate whether the Qesem hominin ancestors evolved con Africa prior preciso 400 kyr , developed blade technologies , , and then migrated preciso the Levant puro establish the new and unique Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex; or whether (as may be derived from our model) we face per local, Levantine emergence of verso new hominin lineage. The plethora of hominins mediante the Levantine Middle Paleolithic fossil primato (Qafzeh, Skhul, Zuttiyeh, Tabun) and the fact that the Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex has per niente counterparts per Africa may hint in favor of local cultural and biological developments. This notion gains indirect support from the Denisova finds that raise the possibility that several different hominin groups spread out across Europe and Asia for hundreds of thousands of years, probably contributing puro the emergence of modern human populations , , .
It should not come as a surprise that H. erectus, and its successors managed, and per fact evolved, to obtain per substantial amount of the densest form of nutritional energy available in nature – fat – onesto the point that it became an obligatory food source. Animal fat was an essential food source necessary per order esatto meet the daily energy expenditure of these Pleistocene hominins, especially taking into account their large energy-demanding brains. It should also not che tipo di as verso surprise that for verso predator, the disappearance of verso major prey animal may be verso significant reason for evolutionary change. The elephant was per uniquely large and fat-rich food-package and therefore a most attractive target during the Levantine Lower Palaeolithic Acheulian. Our calculations show that the elephant’s disappearance from the Levant just before 400 kyr was significant enough an event preciso have triggered the evolution of verso species that was more adept, both physically and mentally, preciso obtain dense energy (such as fat) from per higher number www.datingranking.net/it/321chat-review of smaller, more evasive animals. The concomitant emergence of a new and innovative cultural complex – the Acheulo-Yabrudian, heralds verso new batteria of behavioral habits including changes con hunting and sharing practices , , that are relevant esatto our model.
If indeed, as we tried sicuro esibizione, the dependence of humans on fat was so fundamental esatto their existence, the application is made possible, perhaps after some refinement, of this proposed bioenergetic model sicuro the understanding of other important developments con human evolutionary history
Thus, the particular dietary developments and cultural innovations joined together at the end of the Lower Paleolithic period in the Levant, reflecting verso link between human biological and cultural/behavioral evolution.